A well-balanced article/controversial rant about the term 'full-stack developer'.

A full-stack web developer is someone who has honed skills in both front-end web design/development and back-end/server coding. You can count on a full-stack web developer to design, code, implement and maintain a fully functional modern interactive website on his/her own (not just a static website with a few pages).
 
#fullstackwebdeveloper #fullstackengineer #fullstacksoftwareengineer #fullstacksoftwaredeveloper #mernstackdeveloper

Fast forward to the present, we now have (not a exhaustive list) :
  • visual designer
  • web designer
  • UI designer
  • UX designer
  • interaction designer
  • art director
  • front-end developer
  • back-end developer
  • web developer
  • mobile developer
  • database developer
  • database administrator
  • web master
  • web server administrator
  • SEO specialist
  • web analyst
  • web security professional
  • quality assurance tester
  • project manager
  • growth hacker
layers of the full stack:

Server, Network, and Hosting Environment.
This involves understanding what can break and why, taking no resource for granted.
Appropriate use of the file system, cloud storage, network resources, and an understanding of data redundancy and availability is necessary.

How does the application scale given the hardware constraints?
What about multi-threading and race conditions? Guess what, you won’t see those on your development machine, but they can and do happen in the real world.
Full stack developers can work side by side with DevOps. The system should provide useful error messages and logging capabilities. DevOps will see the messages before you will, so make them count.

Data Modeling
If the data model is flawed, the business logic and higher layers start to need strange (ugly) code to compensate for corner cases the data model doesn’t cover.
Full stack developers know how to create a reasonably normalized relational model, complete with foreign keys, indexes, views, lookup tables, etc.
Full stack developers are familiar with the concept of non-relational data stores and understand where they shine over relational data stores.

Business Logic
The heart of the value the application provides.
Solid object oriented skills are needed here.
Frameworks might be needed here as well.
API layer / Action Layer / MVC

How the outside world operates against the business logic and data model.
Frameworks at this level should be used heavily.
Full stack developers have the ability to write clear, consistent, simple to use interfaces. The heights to which some APIs are convoluted repel me.

User Interface
Full stack developers: a) understand how to create a readable layout, or b) acknowledge they need help from artists and graphic designers. Either way, implementing a good visual design is key.
Can include mastery of HTML5 / CSS.
JavaScript is the up and coming language of the future and lots of exciting work is being done in the JavaScript world (node, backbone, knockout…)

User Experience
Full stack developers appreciate that users just want things to work.
A good system doesn’t give its users carpal tunnel syndrome or sore eyes. A full stack developer can step back and look at a process that needs 8 clicks and 3 steps, and get it down to one click.
Full stack developers write useful error messages. If something breaks, be apologetic about it. Sometimes programmers inadvertently write error messages that can make people feel stupid.

Understanding what the customer and the business need.
Now we are blurring into the line of architect, but that is too much of a hands off role.
Full stack developers have a grasp of what is going on in the field when the customer uses the software. They also have a grasp of the business.